In addition to providing protection against electricity, the cable insulation should be resistant to mechanical friction, heat, cold, and chemical corrosion. The choice of suitable insulation depends on various factors, such as the voltage rating or temperature rating of your. Fiber optic cables have several layers of protective materials that prevent damage and ensure smooth signal transmission. 1 This guide is intended to provide a list of materials commonly used in components that provide insulation, jacketing and strength in fiber-optic cables.